Archive for ‘Aldo Leopold’ Category
Green Fire along the Frozen River
Advancing the Land Ethic, Green Fire: Aldo Leopold and a Land Ethic for Our TimeJanuary 30th, 2012
After a welcome respite from traveling with Green Fire since Thanksgiving, I came out of my winter den in Wisconsin and headed over to the Frozen River Film Festival in Winona, Minnesota. Yes… you are reading that right! This is the sort of thing we do in the upper Midwest to get ourselves through the coldest, darkest days of the year. Our Minnesota neighbors started this film festival in 2005, and this was my first opportunity to attend.
I was looking forward to visiting Winona, and not only because the festival organizer selected Green Fire for a special featured screening. I have many friends and family in the area. And on the way to Minnesota I was able to pass through Coon Valley, which we of course highlight in our film. The opportunity to share the story of Coon Valley’s innovative role in the history of conservation — as a birthplace of watershed restoration and management — has been one of the great pleasures of being on the Green Fire trail.
We have had an unseasonably mild winter in the upper Midwest until recently. But the last couple weeks have been more typical of January in Wisconsin. When we filmed in Coon Valley, it was early fall. Here is what it looks like now:
On then through La Crosse, Wisconsin and across the Mississippi. And, yes, the river was frozen! Winona is a beautiful town, bounded by the big river on the east and high bluffs on the west. Here’s the view downriver from Garvin Heights Park above the city:
Winona is home to a thriving community of creative spirits who care deeply about their place and its well-being. The festival proved this to me once again. Some 500 people came out for the screening last Thursday evening! Eric Barnard, who is an outdoor education instructor at Winona State University, introduced the film. Eric grew up in Baraboo, Wisconsin, and became a close friend to the Leopold family. He credits Nina Leopold Bradley with stimulating his interest — and now his career — in connecting students to the natural world.
As with so many stops along our trail, this one was rich with such connections. My host at Winona was my friend Tex Hawkins, who recently retired after a career in public service with the Minnesota DNR and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Tex’ father was Art Hawkins, one of Aldo Leopold’s first graduate students at the University of Wisconsin. Art was a legend in the world of waterfowl biology and conservation. He was also a good friend, and immensely helpful to me when I was pursuing my research on Leopold — and for many years afterwards, until he passed away in 2006. Here is a photo I took of Tex and his father some years ago, at the Coon Valley historical marker:
I thought of Art and his wife Betty often during this visit. Art was always a passionate, positive, and thoughtful conservationist, even when confronted with difficult professional and personal challenges. I had him in mind especially when a hot topic of important local and national interest came to the foreground during my visit.
During the post-screening discussion of Green Fire, one of our audience members asked about the land ethic, and how it might inform the current debate in western Wisconsin and Minnesota over frac sand mining. Here’s the background. Over the last couple years, the technique of hydraulic fracturing (or “fracking”) to release natural gas has become widely adopted and employed in many parts of the central and eastern U.S. Fracking has become a major environmental issue, due to concerns over groundwater and surface water contamination, air quality and emissions, and even the possibility of induced earthquakes.
Largely overlooked, however, in the debates over fracking is the impact now being felt in this region. Fracking requires the injection of a highly pressurized fluid into the rock layer that is being exploited. The fluid comprises a mixture of water, chemicals, and sand. And it turns out that the sand derived from certain sandstone formations of western Wisconsin and adjacent Minnesota has optimal properties for use in fracking. The result is a still-accelerating frac sand mining boom in the region — and Winona County may well be the epicenter of the boom. Knowing this, it was no surprise to see train cars full of sand for export on my way into Winona:
The issue was literally in the headlines during the film festival. Swirling around the festival were discussions about the impacts, economic and environmental, of proliferating frac sand mines. The mines are bringing jobs and income to our economically hard-pressed rural counties. But it has also brought a raft of problems, including concerns involving surface and groundwater quality; public health and safety (especially associated with airborne silica dust); noise, truck traffic, and infrastructure; property values and taxation; the loss of valuable prairie remnants and the lack of even basic requirements for reclamation. The issue was also on the screen. Among the films being shown was a work in progress, The Price of Sand.
In my answer to the question I made the point that, at the very minimum, a land ethic asks us to have serious, informed conversations about the moral implications of land-use options and decisions — and never moreso than when a new source of fast economic returns blinds us to the long-term impacts on human and natural communities. Right now, those conversations are not happening. And how disturbingly ironic it is, that the very sand of Leopold’s sand counties should be at the heart of the matter.
I was struck by other connections through my time in Winona. Many of the films shown at the Frozen River festival shared themes (and in some cases, landscapes) that intersected with those of Green Fire. Chasing Water is a literal exploration of the same — but devastatingly altered — Colorado River delta system that Leopold explored in 1922. Mad City Chickens looks at the backyard chicken movement in Madison, Wisconsin. Queen of the Sun is a fantastic film about the catastrophic impacts of colony collapse disorder in honeybees, and the complex and evolving relationship between bees and humans. Happy is a fascinating examination of the values, factors, and behaviors that promote human happiness and well-being. Dakota 38, just completed, tells the powerful and moving story of the mass execution of 38 Dakota warriors in 1862, the terrible burden of that memory, and the recent journeys of healing and reconciliation across the landscape of South Dakota and Minnesota.
Thank you to everyone in Winona and at the festival for inviting and hosting me, for showing such great support for Green Fire, and for pulling together this wonderful community event. I feel inspired, informed, and warmed!
Green Fire Blog by Curt Meine: Western Swing #3 – Davis, CA
November 22nd, 2011
I am now headed back to Wisconsin after a whirlwind couple days in central California. The dynamic Green Fire duo of Steve (director) and Ann (editor) Dunsky live in Vallejo, in the northeast part of the San Francisco Bay area. Steve Most, who took the lead in developing the script for Green Fire, also lives in the Bay Area. And so we enjoyed a nice reunion, while showing the film twice.
But before we got down to business, Steve and I enjoyed a special opportunity for historical grounding. The Amtrak line from Oregon has a stop not far from Steve and Ann, in Martinez, CA. Steve met me at the station, just a few short blocks away from the John Muir National Historic Site. From 1890 until his death in 1914, Muir (when he was not off exploring the Sierra Nevada, Alaska, the desert Southwest, and far-off lands overseas) made his home in Martinez with his wife Louie and their two daughters. I knew from others that the site was no longer bucolic and rural, having long since been engulfed by the spreading of development in the Bay Area. And so it was not a surprise to find Muir’s home at a busy intersection next to the freeway.
The original 2600 acres of ranchland and orchard have indeed been whittled away, but the site does include 9 acres of fruit orchards and more than 300 acres of open space on Mount Wanda (named after one of the Muir daughters).
The site is now a popular destination for local students and residents as well as Muir admirers from around the world. We were there early, before operating hours for the site, but were fortunate enough to cross paths with National Park Service employees Morgan Smith and Luther Bailey, who showed us around. The National Park Service has been busy at work improving the visitor center, the house, and the grounds. Once inside the site, it is remarkable how the sense of its urban setting diminishes. Muir would appreciate the calming effect that the place still has! One of my favorite spots on the tour was Muir’s office, suitably restored to the happy state of messiness that Muir apparently created while in the throes of writing. The desk is Muir’s own!
This fall, while traveling with Green Fire, we have visited sites associated with George Perkins Marsh, Theodore Roosevelt, and Gifford Pinchot (among other early conservationists). So it felt entirely appropriate to begin the California leg of this trip by touching place with “Johnnie Muir.”
Later on that day, Steve and Ann brought me over to their office/studio at the U.S. Forest Service’s Pacific Southwest Region headquarters in Vallejo. I’d not visited before, though I had spent countless hours on the phone and on studio-to-studio link-ups while Green Fire was in production. So it was a treat to see the actual spot where Steve and Ann work their magic. Here is where all the pieces of Green Fire came together:
We had a second special opportunity during my visit to the USFS office. Through the week, the office’s Civil Rights and Tribal Relations programs were running a series of events as part of Native American Awareness month. These included a screening of the film River of Renewal, which explores the recent history of conflict, community, and conservation in the Klamath River basin. Our colleague Steve Most served as writer and producer for the film. Less than a decade ago, the Klamath was the focus of a bitter, headline-generating battle involving water, threatened salmon populations, Native communities, sport and commercial fishers, and agriculture. More recently (as the film’s website explains):
…a remarkable conflict resolution and consensus building process gained influence among the communities of the Klamath Basin. Eventually, they found common ground, recognizing that economic revival could occur only if ecological vitality were restored. The Klamath River tribes’ ethos of world renewal, or pikiawish, “fixing the world,” now influences the entire Klamath Basin. The film shows leaders of different communities coming together to seek a way beyond economic stagnation, environmental disaster, and polarized politics.
That description gives some sense of the common themes the film shares with Green Fire, which we showed immediately afterwards. If you enjoyed Green Fire, I highly recommend watching River of Renewal. I am often asked about the connections between Leopold’s conception of the land ethic and the varied traditions of land ethics that Native American communities (and other communities as well) have evolved. The afternoon’s films and discussion allowed us to explore those vital questions. I hope that all of us in “the thinking community” will continue to explore those questions, and I am especially pleased that Green Fire may be helping to encourage the conversation. Thank you to Steve and Ann and everyone in the USFS regional office for taking the time to meet and talk!
The next day, Friday, we had yet another special opportunity! During our October visit to Yale University, our friends Mary Evelyn Tucker and John Grim had mentioned that they would be coming to San Francisco to attend the annual meeting of the American Academy of Religion. For more than a decade, Mary Evelyn and John and a growing group of colleagues have been gathering at the meeting to discuss their work in connecting the world’s diverse faith traditions and environmental science, ethics, and justice. (Their work is now carried on through FORE, the Forum on Religion and Ecology.) Mary Evelyn and John have also been very busy with their own film project, Journey of the Universe. Throughout the year, our two films have been on a fortuitously braided path, crossing each other’s tracks in a variety of venues. It was a pleasure, then, to actually cross paths in San Francisco, and to share a few words about Green Fire with our FORE friends.
On then to the main event. On Friday evening we screened Green Fire at the University of California-Davis Conference Center. Thanks, on behalf of the whole Green Fire team, to the organizers and sponsors of the screening: Mark Schwartz and the UC-Davis John Muir Institute of the Environment, the USDA Forest Service Experimental Forest and Range Network, and Vance Russell of the California Program of the National Forest Foundation. It was great to connect with all these organizations, and with Ruth Coleman, director of the California State Parks system. Ruth in her introductory remarks discussed the important influence of Starker Leopold and Luna Leopold on the state park system in California — a fitting reminder of the many ways in which the Leopold family has informed conservation policies and programs in so many places.
I was especially pleased, on a personal level, to have Rich and Evelyne Rominger join us for the evening. Well known in the Davis community, the Romingers have been leaders nationally in the sustainable agriculture arena for many years. We first met when Rich Rominger was serving as Deputy Secretary of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. He and others in the USDA came to visit the Leopold Shack and Farm, and to discuss the significance of the land ethic for the future of agriculture. Once again, one of the pleasures of touring with Green Fire has been reconnecting with many such friends and colleagues along the way. (Along these lines, many thanks to Erica Fleishman at UC-Davis for helping to arrange our visit.)
We were very pleased to have more than 200 people attending the film at Davis. At the same time, we knew that in fact many more than that had reserved tickets, so we were a little surprised with the turnout. Only later did we learn that, shortly before the film was shown, events at UC-Davis had overshadowed our screening. News and video of the pepper-spraying of seated UC-Davis student activists by police officers has now gone viral, and the campus has instantly become a flash point in the spreading Occupy movement.
I have since heard from friends in Davis, and know that the events there have been difficult to comprehend, even as they highlight the economic trends and political tensions that have precipitated them. I find myself thinking over the many places we have visited with Green Fire over the last nine months, from Wisconsin and New York to New Haven and Pennsylvania, from Chicago and Colorado to Oregon and California. In so many of the places we have shown the film, viewers have asked afterwards about the connections between Leopold’s thought, the evolving land ethic, and the concern and discontent that are now being voiced, in part, through the Occupy movement.
In his own time, Leopold was not one to avoid the difficult questions that economic turmoil and political conflict raised in terms of the aims and strategies — and even the very meaning — of conservation. He had much to say on the topic. To choose just one example from Leopold’s writing: ”I suspect that the forces inherent in unguided economic evolution are not at all beneficent. Like the forces inside our own bodies, they may become malignant, pathogenic. I believe that many of the economic forces inside the modern body-politic are pathogenic in respect to harmony with land.”
We now find ourselves in a time when the co-evolution of our social, economic, ethical, end ecological systems is again at issue. At the Center for Humans and Nature, we have often over the years explored the notion of an emerging “democratic ecological citizenship.” There is, we recognize, a direct connection between the land ethic and the profound challenge of — and need to — build a just and restorative economy, one that enhances the “future continuity” of our interlinked human and natural communities. As we witnessed at Davis, Green Fire, in its themes and its timing, intersects with this expanding conversation. As it should. As it inevitably will.
I took the train back to the Midwest from California. One reason I appreciate traveling by train is that it gives me time — it forces time — to slow down and ponder such connections and confluences in our daily lives. It has been an incredibly busy year with Green Fire, and the opportunities to reflect have been few and far between. So I was grateful to have a little break to watch the better part of a continent pass by at eye level, and to think of all the people and places we have visited with the film, and all the conversations that it has provoked. There are more adventures and conversation to come, no doubt. But with Thanksgiving upon us, I would like to pass along from the whole Green Fire team a great big “Thank You!” to everyone who has connected with us so far along this trail. Here, in thanks, is a bit of central Colorado, as seen from the train window….
Green Fire Blog by Curt Meine: Western Swing #2 – Corvallis, Oregon
November 16th, 2011
Western Oregon, true to its reputation, has been wet and gray and dreary the last several days, but it takes more than a little fog and rain to douse the green fire…. Last Monday evening we had another wonderful turnout at Oregon State University in Corvallis, with about 250 friends filling up all the seats (and a few aisles)!
My visit to Corvallis began with an evening discussion on Sunday with students and professors pulled together by one of the sponsors of my visit here, the Spring Creek Project for Ideas, Nature, and the Written Word. The Spring Creek Project is a special undertaking here at OSU that has brought together writers and thoughts leaders from a variety of fields. I really appreciate the statement of their mission: “The challenge of the Spring Creek Project is to bring together the practical wisdom of the environmental sciences, the clarity of philosophical analysis, and the creative, expressive power of the written word, to find new ways to understand and re-imagine our relation to the natural world.” The Center for Humans and Nature and the Aldo Leopold Foundation have many friends who have been involved with Spring Creek, beginning with its found director, writer and philosopher Kathleen Dean Moore, and its next director, poet and gardener extraordinaire Charles Goodrich. Our discussion on Sunday focused a great deal on the relationship between science and ethics, and the role, risks, and responsibilities of scientists who become conservation advocates — and how Aldo Leopold navgated those sometimes tricky waters.
The Green Fire screening film on Monday came at the end of “Aldo Leopold Day” at OSU. In the afternoon I gave a lecture on the core themes and conceptual framework of the film. Cristina Eisenberg, who is completing her Ph.D. here at OSU, focused her presentation on the “trophic cascade” effects of wolves on ecosystems, and provided an update on the status of wolves and wolf conservation challenges in Oregon. That was followed by a provocative group discussion with other friends and colleagues — Kathleen Dean Moore, environmental ethicist Dr. Michael Nelson, and the chair of Oregon’s Fish and Wildlife Commission, Dan Edge — on the ethical dilemmas that are sometimes involved in conservation decisions that entail removal of certain plants and animals.
In the evening we screened the film. My visit to the Corvallis was arranged and helped along by several other partners of the Spring Creek Project: the Horning Endowment in the Humanities; enthusiastic Aldo Leopold Foundation members Kathryn and Will Switzer; the OSU College of Forestry; and the OSU Department of Fisheries and Wildlife. The whole Green Fire team, I am sure, deeply appreciates how the film serves to bring such interesting partnerships together — truly in the spirit of Aldo Leopold’s own wide-ranging talents and interests. We had a great audience — and a high spirited one! I told them I wanted to take their picture, and here is the result:
Thanks, folks, for being good sports. And thanks to everyone at OSU for making my visit here so rewarding. One of the pleasures of this whole project has been reconnecting with so many old friends along the way, while making so many new friends as well. (And say hello to our Green Fire friend Bill McKibben, who will be speaking on campus tomorrow.)
I had one down day yesterday to catch up on neglected work, and to do a little exploring out along Oregon’s central coast. We Midwesterners need a little ocean fix now and then… so here was mine:
Oregon is famous for its coastline protection efforts, and it was a real treat to get a little taste of that. (Literally… visitors to Newport will want to try the Local Ocean seafood market and restaurant, which focuses on providing fresh local catch directly to consumers.) The sun was actually out for a while, thus ruining that foggy reputation that Oregon has….
On now to the San Francisco area, a reunion with Steve and Ann Dunsky (Green Fire’s director and editor), and a Friday evening screening at the University of California-Davis. I’m taking the train down from Portland, and it’s about to leave the station. Thanks to everyone in Oregon for making this last week such a memorable one. I hope to return sometime soon!
Green Fire Blog by Curt Meine: Western Swing #1 – Eugene, Oregon
November 12th, 2011
On the road again with Green Fire! I’ll be traveling for about ten days on this trip, taking the film through Oregon and northern California. I have not spent a lot of time in this part of the country, so I have been looking forward to visiting new places and many friends along the way. First stop is the University of Oregon in Eugene.
Four partners came together to co-sponsor the screening here: the Eugene Natural History Society, the Willamette National Forest, the University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History, and the University’s Environmental Studies Program. Thank you to all these fine partners for inviting me to Eugene, for getting the word out, and for bringing out such a great audience!
Thank you to the 300 or so people who joined us on this Veteran’s Day — 11/11/11. (Of course I could not resist adding, in my introduction, that Aldo Leopold was born on… January 11.) And thank you as well for the excellent questions. One person wanteed to know if Green Fire would be available on Netflix — a that I could not answer. We’ll get back to you on that! Another audience member asked about the interesting historical fact that Wisconsin gave us Aldo Leopold and John Muir (not to mention Frederick Jackson Turner and Frank Lloyd Wright and Gaylord Nelson, and so many other key leaders and thinkers in conservation and the environmental movement.) I call this the “Is there something in the water?” question. There are many answers to it, but I’d recommend as a good starting point William Cronon’s fine essay “Landscape and Home: Environmental Traditions in Wisconsin” (click here to link to the article on Bill’s website). Another person was curious about Aldo and Estella Leopold’s five children. All have made significant contributions to the natural sciences and to conservation, and yet we were not able to do more than mention that fact in the film. The on-line Encyclopedia of Earth has a helpful overview of the lives and contributions.
My host in Eugene was Dr. Tom Titus. Check out his excellent Amphibians and Reptiles of Oregon website. Here’s Tom along the banks of the Willamette River.
Tom is a native of the Eugene area, and for many years has led public “herping” trips in and around Eugene. At the moment Tom was giving me an impromptu lesson on the decline of the Western Pond Turtle, due in part to changes in the river’s hydrological processes. (From Tom’s website: ”Turtles are declining because of loss of nesting habitat, loss of hatchling habitat and predation on hatchlings. In the early 20th century, commercial trapping for food and pets reduced turtle populations. Habitat loss from wetland draining, urban development and intensive agriculture has led to reduced distribution and numbers of turtles. Spread of exotic plant species such as Himalayan blackberry and reed canary grass, and fewer floods and fires have reduced the quality and quantity of turtle habitat. Introduction of turtle-eating exotic predators such as bullfrogs, opossums and largemouth bass reduced turtle populations.”). Thank you, Tom, for being a wonderful host, and for all that you and your colleagues do for the cold-blooded critters (and warm-blooded humans) of Oregon! And thank you to everyone in Eugene for making me feel so welcome.
Next stop on the tour is just up the road: Corvallis and Oregon State University. This Monday, November 14, OSU will hold an “Aldo Leopold Day” symposium. I will join my friends Michael Nelson, Kathleen Dean Moore, Cristina Eisenberg, and others in the symposium, before we show the film at 7:00 pm. If you have friends in the Corvallis area, spread the word! (It’s quite a week at Oregon State. Cynthia Barnett, a friend who has recently published the book Blue Revolution: Unmaking America’s Water Crisis, will be speaking on campus on Wednesday. Her book explores the need for a water ethic that connects more strongly with our evolving land ethic. And on Thursday Bill McKibben, one of the voices in Green Fire, and well known as a leading environmental advocate and journalist, will be speaking at OSU. I look forward to joining in the campus conversation.
Green Fire Blog by Curt Meine: Return to New Haven
October 27th, 2011
Our Green Fire tour of the Northeast came to its last stop on Tuesday night at Yale University’s School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. How appropriate to complete our trip at Aldo Leopold’s alma mater! We filmed several of the interviews in Green Fire at ”FES” in 1909, when Yale celebrated the centennial of Leopold’s graduation with a special symposium and celebration. In returning to the school and its ultra-green building, Kroon Hall, we felt as if we were coming full circle.
The program featured an insightful forum with New York University environmental historian and Leopold scholar Julianne Lutz Warren; environmental ethicist Willis Jenkins of the Yale School of Divinity; and Yale ecologist Os Schmitz.
Our host at Yale was our friend Mary Evelyn Tucker. If you are interested in the intersection of environmental stewardship, science, ethics, and the world’s faith traditions, the work of Mary Evelyn and her partner John Grim is essential. I would especially recommend visiting the valuable website that Mary Evelyn and John have developed, the Forum on Religion and Ecology.
Over the last two weeks, Steve and Ann Dunsky and I were able to screen Green Fire eleven times in nine venues, to a total audience of about one thousand people. The numbers hardly do justice to the rich connections we made, the thoughtful conversations we had, and the storied places we visited. Toward the end of our trip, I took to calling this our “roots and shoots” tour (with a bow to the great work of the Roots and Shoots program of the Jane Goodall Institute!). Half our our stops involved deep roots of the American conservation movement — the George Perkins Marsh farm in Vermont, the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, Gifford Pinchot’s Grey Towers estate in Pennsylvania, the Great Mountain Forest in Connecticut. Our other stops were at colleges and universities, large and small — Ursinus College in Pennsylvania, the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, the University of Connecticut at Storrs, Sterling College in Vermont — where the next generation of conservation leaders is growing. At Yale FES, these roots and shoots are connected in an especially poignant way.
Thank you to all our friends at Yale for welcoming us back to your campus, and for bringing our tour to such a frutiful end. A constant theme during our trip was the meaning of hope in view of the long-term economic, political, and environmental challenges we face. Over the last two weeks, many viewers of Green Fire have expressed their deep and sober concerns over the future. Many have also expressed their appreciation of the film’s focus on the possibility of positive change — which of course reflects Aldo Leopold’s own characteristic capacity for personal growth and his commitment to cultural development. We end this trip, then, with the meaning of hope still in flux, still in play, but grounded in a rich and encouraging history, and growing in new and unpredictable ways.
See you down the trail!
Green Fire Blog, by Curt Meine: Into Vermont and the Northeast Kingdom
October 25th, 2011
For the last four days we have been showing Green Fire in the Green Mountain (”Verd Mont“) State. It is of course a beautiful time of year in New England, but also a challenging time. Just two months ago, Hurricane Irene whiplashed the whole region, and Vermont was especially hard hit. We could see the evidence along watercourses throughout the state — riverbanks still raw from the flooding, downed trees stranded in fields and pastures, high mud lines on building walls. But we could also see evidence of repair and resilience across the landscape. Saturday, in fact, was a state-wide Clean Up Day across Vermont, and volunteer crews were out in communities throughout the state.
Some of those volunteers came right from their clean-up chores to our Saturday screening at the Billings Farm and Museum in Woodstock VT. If you are interested in the deep history of conservation, agriculture and rural life, and private land stewardship, you owe yourself a long visit to the museum (”Gateway to Vermont’s Rural Heritage”) and to the adjacent Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park.
A direct line connects this place in the green hills of Vermont to the sand counties of Wisconsin. The farm was home to George Perkins Marsh, whose classic work Man and Nature (1864) played a critical role in the emergence of modern conservation and environmental thought. Marsh’s book reflected his early experience in a Vermont landscape heavily impacted by deforestation and watershed destruction, lessons that Marsh later carried into a multi-faceted career in public service.
Abraham Lincoln appointed Marsh to a diplomatic post in Italy in which position Marsh was able to study and document the long history of human impacts on landscapes in the Mediterranean. This in turn led Marsh to work on his classic book. Lewis Mumford described Man and Nature as ”the fountainhead of the conservation movement.” It was a key text for such figures as John Wesley Powell and Gifford Pinchot — and through them for Aldo Leopold and the next generation of conservationists.
Among those directly affected by Marsh was his fellow Vermonter Frederic Billings. After amassing a fortune as president of the Northern Pacific Railroad, Billings returned to Vermont, purchased the Marsh farm, and put into practice Marsh’s conservation principles. Later, Billings’ granddaughter Mary French married Laurence Rockefeller, whose family played a critical role int he expansion of the U.S. National Park system. Eventually the family’s holdings in Woodstock were turned over to the Woodstock Foundation and to the National Park Service.
We were delighted to screen the film twice to enthusiastic audiences at the Billings Farm and Museum visitor center. The state-of-the-art sound and projection system there made it especially enjoyable to watch. (And very attentive viewers were able to read, in one of Leopold’s unpublished manuscripts we used in the film, a reference to “George P. Marsh”!) Thank you to the many old and new friends who joined us, and especially to our hosts, friends, and tour guides David Donath, Darlyne Franzen, Corwin Sharp, Christina Marts, Rolf Diamant, and Nora Mitchell for making us so welcome. We hope that we will have many future opportunities to strengthen our shared land ethic connections across time and landscapes!
Speaking of connections… It is not often that we are able to have in the audience someone who knew Aldo Leopold. Alan Keitt and his wife Ruth now live in Vermont. But Alan grew up in Wisconsin, where his father was chair of the department of plant pathology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and a friend and contemporary of Aldo Leopold. Alan recalls his boyhood days at the Riley Game Cooperative outside Madison. Now retired, Alan and Ruth are dedicated residents of the Cobb Hill community in nearby Hartland VT, where they and their neighbors have been working since 1997 to build a community based on principles of sustainability and environmental stewardship. Cobb Hill was inspired and led by the late sustainability visionary Donella Meadows, who saw it as a place to connect concept and practice. Alan and Ruth showed us how that vision continues every day in the farming, forestry, sustainable energy, and participatory processes at work at Cobb Hill.
Our Green Mountain State tour continued north to the edge of the Vermont’s Northeast Kingdom. We took a short detour through Greensboro to pay a visit to the place that writer and conservationist Wallace Stegner was so connnected. Ann and Steve and I are all great admirers of Stegner. (I edited a volume of essays on Stegner, while Steve and Ann once worked with him on one of their films.) We had time only for a short visit, but were able to connect to Stegner through friends we met at the amazing Willey’s Store in Greensboro. Highly recommended for all your north country needs!
It was a good sign when the retired Vermont Fish and Game Department warden in Greensboro saw my “Aldo Leopold Foundation” logo and noted that A Sand County Almanac had been required reading for him and his fellow wardens! That was apparently due to the encouragement of the department’s former director Steve Wright. Steve went on to serve as president at our next stop – Sterling College in the nearby small community of Craftsbury Common VT. Sterling College is very small — just a hundred or so students — but they may be the most Leopold-imprinted students in the country! As we learned, Leopold’s work is woven into and through the curriculum, and we were delighted to have a full house at the community screening on Sunday night.
We also learned about the difficult struggle that the community is now facing over the development of a major wind energy production site in the nearby Lowell Mountains. The site is on one of the most important stretches of private wildland in the state, and the issue was recently featured in the New York Times. The pros and cons of the project are complicated, and the trade-offs have tested many friendships throughout the community. See this article in the Burlington Free Press for a thoughtful overview of the dilemma.
Thanks to all the students at Sterling, and especially to president William Wooton, Farley Brown, and Laura Lea Berry for making us feel so welcome. And thanks too to our good friend and Sterling alumna Matilda Essig for leading the way to Craftsbury Common!
Now we have come to the final leg of our Northeast tour. On we go today to the Yale University School of Forestry and Environmental Studies for tonight’s screening. Look forward to seeing all you Yalies very soon!
Bringing Leopold Home: What You Can do to Keep the Green Fire Burning
Green Fire: Aldo Leopold and a Land Ethic for Our TimeOctober 23rd, 2011
Join the Center for Humans and Nature and Northeastern Illinois University (NEIU) for the upcoming ‘Green Fire: Aldo Leopold and a Land Ethic for our Time’ screening on Monday, November 14, 2011 at 7:30 p.m. on the NEIU main campus. The theme for the event is Bringing Leopold Home: What you can do to keep the green fire burning.
NEIU Environmental Studies students are organizing this Green Fire screening. Students enrolled in an Environmental Interpretation course (Geography and Environmental Studies Department) at NEIU will be organizing the event. Students learn the fundamental concepts of Environmental Interpretation while applying their knowledge to planning, promoting, and leading a post-screening activity for the campus and surrounding community. Event details are being planned and implemented by this group of 15 Environmental Studies majors, giving students the opportunity to develop and practice many important skills, including community organizing, effective communication, group decision-making, and eliciting inspiration.
The students have arranged for giveaways and an activity where audience members share their Green Fire moments. The students will also be compiling information for interested audience members regarding ways to get involved in various environmental efforts within the local community.
The event is free and open to the public. No RSVP is necessary. Please contact Melinda Merrick (m-merrick1@neiu.edu) or Anja Claus (anjaclaus@humansandnature.og) for more information.
Green Fire Blog by Curt Meine: Water, logging, and water-logged blogging!
October 21st, 2011
The Green Fire team has rolled on into Connecticut and Massachusetts, with three screenings in three venues over the last three days. It has been raining much of the time, and our minds have been much on the connections between rainfall, forests, and watersheds — not only in the landscape today, but in the history of conservation. In a region that was heavily logged and deforested through the early 1800s, and that subsequently gave rise to so much of our nation’s early conservation consciousness, those connections are apparent at every stop. Especially in a year like this one. Much of Connecticut is already close to setting an all-time record for annual rainfall (around 80 inches!)
We pulled out of Gifford Pinchot’s home at Milford PA and headed into central Connecticut (where in fact Pinchot was born). Thanks to our wonderful hosts Carole and Ron at Country Loft Antiques in Woodbury CT for their enthusiasm and interest in Green Fire, and for providing such a remarkable place to consider the history of this part of New England. There’s something about staying in a house built in 1706 that encourages thoughts of sustainability and resilience! We are all very hopeful that a screening of Green Fire can be arranged next year to celebrate all the good land and watershed conservation work in the area.
Onward to the University of Massachusetts at Amherst for a screening on Tuesday night, hosted by Dr. Paul Barten and the U Mass Department of Environmental Conservation. One of the pleasures of visits like this is reconnecting with friends and colleagues. The department at Amherst has managed to corral a disproportionate number of friends from my own graduate student days in Madison — which means of course that they were rather heavily imprinted on Aldo Leopold! (Good to see you, Paul, Steve, Scott, and Todd.) Forgive the blatant friend-promotion, but I would like especially to recommend, if you’ve not seen it, Steve DeStefano’s fine book Coyote at the Kitchen Door: Living with Wildlife in Suburbia. We enjoyed reconnecting too with Fletcher Clark, who spent much of last year with us as an intern at the Aldo Leopold Foundation. Fletcher is now back in his native landscape and pursuing a master’s degree in the department. (And the word is that Nina Leopold Bradley firmly nudged Fletcher in that direction….)
As the rains continued to fall, Paul Barten (who has literally written the book on land use and water in the Northeast) gave us a wonderful tour through central Massachusetts and Connecticut. Please take some time to explore Paul’s very useful Forest-to-Faucet Partnership website. Paul’s work pulls so many of these themes together, and we had a great opportunity to see that work in action on his own farm, and in the programs that he helps to oversee at the Great Mountain Forest in Litchfield County, Connecticut.
The Great Mountain Forest deserves a full blog — a long book, for that matter — on its own. Think of Aldo Leopold’s shack property a hundred times larger: a deforested, degraded landscape, “worn out and then abandoned by our bigger and better society,” determinedly brought back to ecological health through the persistence of generations of land stewards. There are some fascinating connections to Leopold as well. One of the key founders of the forest, Frederic Walcott, is a name I recalled from my research on Leopold. Walcott, like Leopold, was an alum of the Lawrenceville School in New Jersey, and of Yale. In the 1930s Walcott served as U.S. senator from Connecticut, where he was (among other things) chair of the Special Senate Committee on Conservation of Wild Life Resources. As a leader (within and outside the Senate) on wildlife conservation policy, he and Leopold were well familiar with each other’s work, and Walcott’s name appears many times in the Aldo Leopold archives. Another key founder of the Great Mountain Forest was Starling Childs. The Childs family has long and deep connections with the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, and the Forest has served since the early 1940s as home to the School’s summer field training program. Thank you to Paul and forest manager Jody Bronson for the wet and wild tour of the GMF, and to Anne and Chip for sharing stories of your deep family history in this landscape!
A highlight for all of us on the Green Fire team was the evening screening at the Norfolk Library in Norfolk CT. It is hard to imagine a more appropriate or intimate setting for the film.
We somehow packed ninety people into this beautiful library, and enjoyed meeting and talking with so many dedicated land stewards and conservationists who had come from near and far corners of Connecticut. Thank you to all our hosts in Norfolk who made this such a special stop along our northeastern trail.
Onward then we rolled to the University of Connecticut at Storrs. We thoroughly enjoyed visiting with faculty and students at U Conn. Including an undergraduate media and communications class; finally, Steve and Anne, as filmmakers, were able to take the lead in the conversation, and I got to sit back and listen. In the evening we were able to screen Green Fire as part of the Edwin Way Teale Lecture Series. Special thanks to our host Kent Holsinger of the U Conn Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Be sure to check out Kent’s blog Uncommon Ground for all kinds of insightful connections and commentary on conservation and biodiversity!
I am pleased to report that the sun is out this morning in New England, and that the record rainfall has slacked for the time being. We are looking forward now to going north to Vermont, and to making further connections along the way. Thank you again to all our gracious hosts in Connecticut and Massachusetts for your hospitality, your good works, and your interest in Green Fire!
Green Fire Blog, by Curt Meine: ‘Green Fire at Grey Towers’
October 17th, 2011
Steve Dunsky, the director of Green Fire, takes over blogging duties this morning, before we head on north to New England…..
*******
SD here, pinch-hitting today for Green Fire Blogmeister Meine. First, Ann, Curt and I wish to thank our hosts at the Grey Towers National Historic Site, the Grey Towers Heritage Association and the Pike County Conservation District for inviting us to show the film on a beautiful autumn afternoon in the Poconos.
Curt recently wrote about our screening at the American Museum of National History and its ties to Theodore Roosevelt and other important conservation leaders. On this Green Fire tour, we will visit several other key points-of-origin for the conservation movement. Our current location is closely connected with my own conservation agency, the U.S. Forest Service.
We are in Milford, Pennsylvania, a gem of a hamlet on the Delaware River near the intersection of Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey. In the 1880s, New York City aristocrats James and Mary Pinchot built Grey Towers here. It is a grand summer home in the style of a French chateau. It later became the primary residence of their son, Gifford Pinchot, who served twice as Governor of Pennsylvania.
In 1963, the Pinchot family gave the property to the people of the United States to be managed by the U.S. Forest Service. The restored house and grounds are open to visitors and serve as a training center for resource managers and other conservation practitioners.
Outside Pennsylvania, Gifford Pinchot is better known as the first Chief of the Forest Service and for bringing scientific forestry to the United States. Working closely with President Teddy Roosevelt, he implemented many of the lasting conservation achievements of the Progressive Era, the period that shaped young Aldo Leopold.
A generation earlier in Milford, Gifford witnessed his father’s efforts to re-forest a landscape that had been denuded by “cut and run” logging. Ironically, James Pinchot’s own father had built the family fortune from that destructive practice. As a kind of atonement, James, Mary and later Gifford channeled a generous portion of their lives and money into conservation work.
Gifford studied forestry in Europe and soon thereafter, with his parent’s financial support endowed a forestry school at his alma mater, Yale University; the Pinchots also built a summer school for foresters in Milford; Yale forestry students camped on the grounds of Grey Towers.
Iowa-native Aldo Leopold was one of these early students. In the summer of 1907, he came here to learn practical forestry skills while enjoying hikes in the woods and dips in Sawkill Creek. His letters home express his unfettered joy at exploring his new environs.
Upon graduation, Leopold and with most of classmates headed out west to become Forest Service officers. It was another pivotal moment on his long journey to the land ethic.
For the three filmmakers (Ann Dunsky, Dave Steinke and myself), the road to the Green Fire film has also followed a circuitous path that took us from our Forest Service offices in the western states to Milford and back again. Please pardon a brief digression into recent history.
Green Fire would not have happened if not for another film we three produced called The Greatest Good. We completed that feature documentary in 2005 for the centennial of the Forest Service. The project began, however, in 2001.
None of us will ever forget the first day of production planning slightly more than a decade ago. About a dozen producers, archivists, and historians had gathered at Grey Towers. We convened from around the country. It was my first visit to Grey Towers.
About 10am Edgar Brannon, the Director of Grey Towers at that time, quietly entered our meeting room and informed me that we should re-consider our conference and travel plans. Two airplanes had crashed into the World Trade Center, only forty air miles away. A third crashed in western Pennsylvania a short time later.
After several days of watching the news, we decided that the best course of action would be to drive across the country. And so we loaded up a van with nine colleagues and began a bittersweet journey home. We said goodbye to colleagues whom we dropped off along the way. Ann and I had the farthest trip, going all the way to the San Francisco Bay.
Shaken by the events of 9/11, all our senses were heightened. We were particularly attuned to the land and what it means for us as Americans: Penn’s Woods, the Great Lakes, the Indiana Dunes, across the Mississippi River and the prairies of Leopold’s youth, the Pioneer Trail along the Platte River, the Great Plains, the Badlands, Yellowstone, the Great Basin and across the Sierra Nevada.
We saw beautiful scenery, miles of corn, countless examples of both good stewardship and poor land use and development. As we thought about our new film, each mile of overland travel caused to think about our relationships with the land, with other people in this country and around the world. As hard as it was, I believe that trip enriched our thinking about Pinchot’s vision of “the greatest good.”
Next week we will be in Woodstock, Vermont where George Perkins Marsh built his slightly more modest mansion. (Marsh’s book Man and Nature was an early catalyst of the conservation movement and influenced Gifford Pinchot’s career choice.) And shortly thereafter, we will travel to New Haven, Connecticut and the renowned Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, endowed by the Pinchots more than a century ago.
So many connections, so much history, behind the land ethic.
Green Fire Blog, by Curt Meine: ‘Green Fire Screens at Ursinus College’
October 5th, 2011
Thank you to all our friends and colleagues in New York City for getting our Green Fire tour of the Northeast off to a great start! We pulled out of the city on Wednesday – with color commentary on the local landscape by Green Fire’s director, Steve Dunsky, a native New Yorker – and headed south across New Jersey. We passed near Lawrenceville, N.J. where Aldo Leopold attended the Lawrenceville School as a teenager.
We are now in Collegeville, Pennsylvania, northwest of Philadelphia, visiting with students and faculty at Ursinus College. Our friends in the Environmental Studies Program at Ursinus hosted a well attended public screening of the film on Wednesday night. We’ve spent the last day and a half meeting with students in the program, talking about Leopold, the land ethic, conservation history, film-making, the state of the world, and ways to make a difference while making a living. Thank you to everyone at Ursinus for your hospitality, for your work, and for focusing us on the next generation of conservation leaders and practitioners.
From the beginning of our work on Green Fire, we kept students and young people close in mind – how to reflect their needs, interests, and concerns through the story of Leopold and the land ethic. It is, after all, a story of multi-generational commitment, not only for the Leopold family, but for all who care about the land and the future. We committed ourselves to telling not only the historical story of Leopold in his times, but connecting that history to contemporary land stewardship efforts, and to the challenges that the next generation has already begun to face.
And so we have been especially gratified by the enthusiastic response that Green Fire has been receiving on college campuses since we started to show it. We began to notice this last spring: two sold-out premiere screenings in Madison, Wisconsin; 450 attending the screening at the University of Idaho; 650 at Colorado State University; an overflow audience at the University of Minnesota…. And so on. Just in the last few days, 200 attended a screening with my colleague Dr. Stan Temple at Virginia Tech. And Dr. Susan Flader joined a full house of 400+ at Qingdao University for the first screening of Green Fire in China. Stan will go on to show the film next week at the University of Maine and at Michigan Tech. On our tour of the Northeast we will be stopping at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Sterling College in Vermont, and Yale University’s School of Forestry & Environmental Studies. (Check out the “Find a Screening” page at the Green Fire website for details on these and other screenings.)
Is something happening here? I like to think so. My theory is that a lot of professors who were imprinted on Leopold and A Sand County Almanac in their own student days are now taking this opportunity to share this history and these connections with their own students. Leopold also provides an unusually helpful link across disciplines and interests (something very apparent here at Ursinus, with its strong commitment to interdisciplinary approaches). That is at the heart of so much of the growing interest in sustainability studies on campuses around the country. Talking with the students here over the last couple days also has confirmed my suspicion that the film helps to fill some gaps in their understanding of conservation and environmental history. In my conversations with students, I have often been making the point that the film shows that they are not the first to wrestle with difficult environmental realities; that in fact they stand on the shoulders of those who came before, and that ought to be a source of strength to them.
After the Green Fire team experienced the first wave of this strong interest on college and university campuses, we began to talk about making the most of it. And so for this academic year we are especially hoping that students, professors, families, and friends will share the word about Green Fire, and encourage screenings on campuses across the country (and beyond!). As I told the students here at Ursinus yesterday, you are now part of the team! It’s your generation’s turn, as members of the “thinking community,” to contribute to the further development and evolution of the land ethic. It is an honor to visit different places and meet with students at all levels, and we have all been encouraged by the interest and enthusiasm we find. But we will appreciate it all the more as we see students stepping up to explore and advance the land ethic in their own ways, in their own places, with their own skills, imaginations, and convictions.
Onward we go now to Milford, Pennsylvania… where Leopold worked as a student a hundred years ago!
Green Fire Blog, by Curt Meine: ‘Green Fire Moving Through the Northeast’
October 12th, 2011
Hello to all friends and supporters of the Green Fire film project! For the next two weeks I’ll be traveling across the Northeast U.S. with my friends Steve and Ann Dunsky, the director and editor respectively of Green Fire. We’ll be showing the film a dozen times at museums, colleges, libraries, and historic sites, from Pennsylvania to Vermont. Along the way, we’ll connect with a number of places that helped to shape Aldo Leopold’s early life and career, while learning about local efforts to advance the land ethic and promote environmental stewardship.
Our journey began last night at the mecca of natural history. Green Fire drew a full house of some 250 people to its New York City premiere at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). Central Park West may seem like a long way from the Leopold shack in Wisconsin, but the connections to conservation and Leopold are strong and deep. The history of the AMNH is inseparable from the life and legacy of Theodore Roosevelt. The original charter for the AMNH was signed in the Roosevelt home in 1869. Leopold himself visited New York regularly in his student days at Yale University and in his later career, and had friends and colleagues connected with the museum. Leopold’s own student, the preeminent ornithologist Joseph Hickey, began his career as a member of the famous Bronx County Bird Club. This group of precocious young birders (Roger Tory Peterson and Ernst Mayr were among the members) met at the AMNH, and from there helped to transform the study and enjoyment of birds.
Today the AMNH continues to play a vital role in catalyzing awareness of conservation and science, not only for its New York members, but for scientists and visitors from around the world. Our visit was coordinated by the Museum’s Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, and the film screening served as a kick-off event for the Center’s annual Student Conference on Conservation Science. We were delighted to have so many young conservation biologists with us to watch the film, and to make their own connections to Leopold and the land ethic. Thank you to the Center, and to the Museum, for making this premiere possible, and for all the work you do in encouraging the next generation of conservationists!
Today we head on to Ursinus College in Collegeville, PA, where we will be showing the film tonight, and meeting with students over the next two days.
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